/* GtkBox 水平布局 */
GtkWidget *hbox = gtk_box_new(GTK_ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 8);
gtk_widget_set_margin_start(hbox, 10);
gtk_widget_set_margin_end(hbox, 10);
gtk_widget_set_margin_top(hbox, 10);
gtk_widget_set_margin_bottom(hbox, 10);

/* 添加控件 */
GtkWidget *label = gtk_label_new("姓名:");
GtkWidget *entry = gtk_entry_new();
GtkWidget *button = gtk_button_new_with_label("确定");

gtk_box_append(GTK_BOX(hbox), label);
gtk_box_append(GTK_BOX(hbox), entry);
gtk_box_append(GTK_BOX(hbox), button);

/* 设置扩展属性 */
gtk_widget_set_hexpand(entry, TRUE);  // entry 占据剩余空间

/* GtkGrid 网格布局 */
GtkWidget *grid = gtk_grid_new();
gtk_grid_set_column_spacing(GTK_GRID(grid), 10);
gtk_grid_set_row_spacing(GTK_GRID(grid), 8);

/* 标签 + 输入框 */
gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_label_new("用户名:"), 0, 0, 1, 1);
gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_entry_new(),       1, 0, 2, 1);

gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_label_new("邮箱:"), 0, 1, 1, 1);
gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_entry_new(),        1, 1, 2, 1);

gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_label_new("年龄:"), 0, 2, 1, 1);
gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), gtk_spin_button_new_with_range(0, 150, 1), 1, 2, 1, 1);

/* 按钮跨越多列 */
GtkWidget *submit_btn = gtk_button_new_with_label("提交");
gtk_grid_attach(GTK_GRID(grid), submit_btn, 1, 3, 2, 1);

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""GTK4 布局示例 - PyGObject"""

import gi
gi.require_version("Gtk", "4.0")
gi.require_version("Adw", "1")
from gi.repository import Gtk, Adw


class LayoutDemo(Adw.ApplicationWindow):
    def __init__(self, app):
        super().__init__(application=app)
        self.set_title("GTK4 布局演示")
        self.set_default_size(500, 400)

        # 主垂直布局
        main_box = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.VERTICAL, spacing=10)
        main_box.set_margin_all(16)
        self.set_content(main_box)

        # HeaderBar 标题
        header = Adw.HeaderBar()
        header.set_title_widget(Gtk.Label(label="布局演示"))

        # === Grid 表单 ===
        group = Adw.PreferencesGroup(title="用户信息 / User Info")
        main_box.append(group)

        # 使用 Adw.ActionRow
        name_row = Adw.EntryRow(title="姓名 / Name")
        group.add(name_row)

        email_row = Adw.EntryRow(title="邮箱 / Email")
        group.add(email_row)

        # === Box 按钮行 ===
        btn_box = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=8)
        btn_box.set_halign(Gtk.Align.END)
        main_box.append(btn_box)

        cancel_btn = Gtk.Button(label="取消 / Cancel")
        cancel_btn.add_css_class("flat")
        btn_box.append(cancel_btn)

        save_btn = Gtk.Button(label="保存 / Save")
        save_btn.add_css_class("suggested-action")
        btn_box.append(save_btn)


class LayoutApp(Adw.Application):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(application_id="com.example.layout")

    def do_activate(self):
        LayoutDemo(self).present()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    LayoutApp().run()

/* listview-demo.c - GTK4 列表示例 */
#include <gtk/gtk.h>

/* 列表项工厂：创建控件 */
static GtkWidget *create_list_item(GtkListItemFactory *factory,
                                    GtkListItem *list_item)
{
    GtkWidget *box = gtk_box_new(GTK_ORIENTATION_HORIZONTAL, 12);
    GtkWidget *label_name = gtk_label_new(NULL);
    GtkWidget *label_email = gtk_label_new(NULL);
    gtk_widget_set_hexpand(label_name, TRUE);
    gtk_widget_set_halign(label_name, GTK_ALIGN_START);
    gtk_label_set_xalign(GTK_LABEL(label_name), 0.0);
    gtk_box_append(GTK_BOX(box), label_name);
    gtk_box_append(GTK_BOX(box), label_email);

    gtk_list_item_set_child(list_item, box);
}

/* 列表项工厂：绑定数据 */
static void bind_list_item(GtkListItemFactory *factory,
                            GtkListItem *list_item)
{
    GtkWidget *box = gtk_list_item_get_child(list_item);
    GtkStringObject *obj = GTK_STRING_OBJECT(
        gtk_list_item_get_item(list_item));

    GtkWidget *label_name = gtk_widget_get_first_child(box);
    GtkWidget *label_email = gtk_widget_get_last_child(box);

    const char *text = gtk_string_object_get_string(obj);
    gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label_name), text);
}

static void on_activate(GtkApplication *app, gpointer user_data)
{
    GtkWidget *window = gtk_application_window_new(app);
    gtk_window_set_title(GTK_WINDOW(window), "GTK4 ListView 演示");
    gtk_window_set_default_size(GTK_WINDOW(window), 400, 300);

    /* 创建数据模型 */
    GtkStringList *string_list = gtk_string_list_new(NULL);
    gtk_string_list_append(string_list, "张三 - zhangsan@example.com");
    gtk_string_list_append(string_list, "李四 - lisi@example.com");
    gtk_string_list_append(string_list, "王五 - wangwu@example.com");
    gtk_string_list_append(string_list, "赵六 - zhaoliu@example.com");

    /* 创建工厂 */
    GtkListItemFactory *factory = gtk_signal_list_item_factory_new();
    g_signal_connect(factory, "setup", G_CALLBACK(create_list_item), NULL);
    g_signal_connect(factory, "bind", G_CALLBACK(bind_list_item), NULL);

    /* 创建列表视图 */
    GtkWidget *list_view = gtk_list_view_new(
        GTK_SELECTION_MODEL(
            gtk_single_selection_new(G_LIST_MODEL(string_list))),
        factory);

    /* 滚动容器 */
    GtkWidget *scrolled = gtk_scrolled_window_new();
    gtk_scrolled_window_set_child(GTK_SCROLLED_WINDOW(scrolled), list_view);
    gtk_window_set_child(GTK_WINDOW(window), scrolled);

    gtk_window_present(GTK_WINDOW(window));
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    GtkApplication *app = gtk_application_new(
        "com.example.listview", G_APPLICATION_DEFAULT_FLAGS);
    g_signal_connect(app, "activate", G_CALLBACK(on_activate), NULL);
    int status = g_application_run(G_APPLICATION(app), argc, argv);
    g_object_unref(app);
    return status;
}

"""GTK4 ListView 示例 - PyGObject"""

import gi
gi.require_version("Gtk", "4.0")
from gi.repository import Gtk, GObject, Gio


class UserItem(GObject.Object):
    __gtype_name__ = "UserItem"

    name = GObject.Property(type=str)
    email = GObject.Property(type=str)

    def __init__(self, name: str, email: str):
        super().__init__()
        self.name = name
        self.email = email


def create_list_item(factory, list_item):
    """创建列表项控件"""
    box = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=12)
    box.set_margin_start(8)
    box.set_margin_end(8)
    box.set_margin_top(4)
    box.set_margin_bottom(4)

    name_label = Gtk.Label()
    name_label.set_xalign(0.0)
    name_label.set_hexpand(True)
    box.append(name_label)

    email_label = Gtk.Label()
    email_label.add_css_class("dim-label")
    box.append(email_label)

    list_item.set_child(box)


def bind_list_item(factory, list_item):
    """绑定数据到控件"""
    box = list_item.get_child()
    user = list_item.get_item()

    name_label = box.get_first_child()
    email_label = box.get_last_child()

    name_label.set_text(user.name)
    email_label.set_text(user.email)


class ListApp(Gtk.Application):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__(application_id="com.example.listview")
        self.connect("activate", self.on_activate)

    def on_activate(self, app):
        window = Gtk.ApplicationWindow(application=app)
        window.set_title("GTK4 ListView 演示")
        window.set_default_size(400, 300)

        # 数据
        users = Gio.ListStore.new(UserItem)
        users.append(UserItem("张三", "zhangsan@example.com"))
        users.append(UserItem("李四", "lisi@example.com"))
        users.append(UserItem("王五", "wangwu@example.com"))

        # 工厂
        factory = Gtk.SignalListItemFactory()
        factory.connect("setup", create_list_item)
        factory.connect("bind", bind_list_item)

        # 列表视图
        selection = Gtk.SingleSelection(model=users)
        list_view = Gtk.ListView(model=selection, factory=factory)

        # 滚动窗口
        scrolled = Gtk.ScrolledWindow()
        scrolled.set_child(list_view)
        scrolled.set_vexpand(True)

        window.set_content(scrolled)
        window.present()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    ListApp().run()

/* GtkColumnView 类似树视图/表格视图 */
/* GtkColumnView is GTK4's replacement for GtkTreeView with columns */

static void setup_text_factory(GtkListItemFactory *factory,
                                GtkListItem *list_item)
{
    GtkWidget *label = gtk_label_new(NULL);
    gtk_label_set_xalign(GTK_LABEL(label), 0.0);
    gtk_list_item_set_child(list_item, label);
}

static void bind_name(GtkListItemFactory *factory, GtkListItem *list_item)
{
    GtkWidget *label = gtk_list_item_get_child(list_item);
    GtkStringObject *obj = GTK_STRING_OBJECT(
        gtk_list_item_get_item(list_item));
    gtk_label_set_text(GTK_LABEL(label),
                       gtk_string_object_get_string(obj));
}

/* 创建列视图 */
GtkWidget *create_column_view(GtkStringList *model)
{
    GtkWidget *column_view = gtk_column_view_new(
        GTK_SELECTION_MODEL(gtk_single_selection_new(G_LIST_MODEL(model))));

    /* 列1: 名称 */
    GtkListItemFactory *factory1 = gtk_signal_list_item_factory_new();
    g_signal_connect(factory1, "setup", G_CALLBACK(setup_text_factory), NULL);
    g_signal_connect(factory1, "bind", G_CALLBACK(bind_name), NULL);
    GtkColumnViewColumn *col1 = gtk_column_view_column_new("名称", factory1);
    gtk_column_view_append_column(GTK_COLUMN_VIEW(column_view), col1);

    /* 列2: 值 */
    GtkListItemFactory *factory2 = gtk_signal_list_item_factory_new();
    g_signal_connect(factory2, "setup", G_CALLBACK(setup_text_factory), NULL);
    g_signal_connect(factory2, "bind", G_CALLBACK(bind_name), NULL);
    GtkColumnViewColumn *col2 = gtk_column_view_column_new("值", factory2);
    gtk_column_view_append_column(GTK_COLUMN_VIEW(column_view), col2);

    return column_view;
}

"""GTK4 Grid 布局示例"""

def create_form_grid():
    """创建表单网格"""
    grid = Gtk.Grid()
    grid.set_column_spacing(12)
    grid.set_row_spacing(8)
    grid.set_margin_all(16)

    # 行0：姓名
    name_label = Gtk.Label(label="姓名:")
    name_label.set_xalign(1.0)
    name_entry = Gtk.Entry()
    name_entry.set_hexpand(True)
    grid.attach(name_label, 0, 0, 1, 1)
    grid.attach(name_entry, 1, 0, 2, 1)

    # 行1：邮箱
    email_label = Gtk.Label(label="邮箱:")
    email_label.set_xalign(1.0)
    email_entry = Gtk.Entry()
    email_entry.set_hexpand(True)
    grid.attach(email_label, 0, 1, 1, 1)
    grid.attach(email_entry, 1, 1, 2, 1)

    # 行2：年龄
    age_label = Gtk.Label(label="年龄:")
    age_label.set_xalign(1.0)
    age_spin = Gtk.SpinButton.new_with_range(0, 150, 1)
    grid.attach(age_label, 0, 2, 1, 1)
    grid.attach(age_spin, 1, 2, 1, 1)

    # 行3：按钮
    btn_box = Gtk.Box(orientation=Gtk.Orientation.HORIZONTAL, spacing=8)
    btn_box.set_halign(Gtk.Align.END)
    cancel_btn = Gtk.Button(label="取消")
    save_btn = Gtk.Button(label="保存")
    save_btn.add_css_class("suggested-action")
    btn_box.append(cancel_btn)
    btn_box.append(save_btn)
    grid.attach(btn_box, 1, 3, 2, 1)

    return grid

/* GTK4 现代对话框 */
static void on_save_response(GObject *source, GAsyncResult *result,
                              gpointer user_data)
{
    GtkAlertDialog *dialog = GTK_ALERT_DIALOG(source);
    GError *error = NULL;
    int response = gtk_alert_dialog_choose_finish(dialog, result, &error);

    if (error) {
        g_printerr("Error: %s\n", error->message);
        g_error_free(error);
        return;
    }

    if (response == 0) {
        g_print("User clicked Save\n");
    } else {
        g_print("User clicked Discard\n");
    }
}

static void show_save_dialog(GtkWindow *parent)
{
    GtkAlertDialog *dialog = gtk_alert_dialog_new(
        "文档已修改。是否保存？");

    const char *buttons[] = {"保存", "丢弃", "取消", NULL};
    gtk_alert_dialog_set_buttons(dialog, buttons);
    gtk_alert_dialog_set_cancel_button(dialog, 2);  // 取消 = ESC
    gtk_alert_dialog_set_default_button(dialog, 0);  // 保存 = 默认

    gtk_alert_dialog_choose(dialog, parent, NULL,
                            on_save_response, NULL);
}

"""GTK4 弹窗示例"""

def show_info_dialog(parent):
    """信息弹窗"""
    dialog = Adw.MessageDialog.new(parent, "提示", "操作已成功完成")
    dialog.add_response("ok", "确定")
    dialog.set_default_response("ok")
    dialog.set_response_appearance("ok", Adw.ResponseAppearance.SUGGESTED)
    dialog.present()


def show_confirm_dialog(parent, on_response):
    """确认弹窗"""
    dialog = Adw.MessageDialog.new(parent, "确认", "确定要删除此项吗？")
    dialog.add_response("cancel", "取消")
    dialog.add_response("delete", "删除")
    dialog.set_default_response("cancel")
    dialog.set_response_appearance("delete", Adw.ResponseAppearance.DESTRUCTIVE)
    dialog.connect("response", on_response)
    dialog.present()


def show_toast(window, message):
    """Toast 通知"""
    toast = Adw.Toast.new(message)
    toast.set_timeout(3)
    window.get_toast_overlay().add_toast(toast)

/* custom.css - GTK4 CSS 样式 */

/* 基本控件样式 */
button {
    border-radius: 8px;
    padding: 8px 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
}

/* 特定类名 */
button.suggested-action {
    background-color: @accent_bg_color;
    color: @accent_fg_color;
}

button.destructive-action {
    background-color: @error_bg_color;
    color: @error_fg_color;
}

/* 自定义类 */
button.my-button {
    background-color: #3498db;
    color: white;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 12px 24px;
    font-size: 14px;
}

button.my-button:hover {
    background-color: #2980b9;
}

button.my-button:active {
    background-color: #21618c;
}

/* 标签样式 */
.title-label {
    font-size: 24px;
    font-weight: bold;
    color: @accent_bg_color;
    margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.subtitle-label {
    font-size: 14px;
    color: @insensitive_fg_color;
}

/* 输入框 */
entry {
    border-radius: 6px;
    padding: 8px;
    min-height: 20px;
}

entry:focus {
    border-color: @accent_bg_color;
}

/* 卡片样式 */
.card {
    background-color: @card_bg_color;
    border-radius: 12px;
    padding: 16px;
    border: 1px solid @borders;
    box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
}

/* 侧边栏 */
.sidebar {
    background-color: @headerbar_bg_color;
    border-right: 1px solid @borders;
}

/* 滚动条 */
scrollbar slider {
    min-width: 6px;
    min-height: 6px;
    border-radius: 3px;
}

/* C: 加载 CSS 文件 */
static void load_css(void)
{
    GtkCssProvider *provider = gtk_css_provider_new();
    gtk_css_provider_load_from_path(provider, "custom.css");

    gtk_style_context_add_provider_for_display(
        gdk_display_get_default(),
        GTK_STYLE_PROVIDER(provider),
        GTK_STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION);

    g_object_unref(provider);
}

"""Python: 加载 CSS 文件"""
def load_css():
    provider = Gtk.CssProvider()
    provider.load_from_path("custom.css")
    Gtk.StyleContext.add_provider_for_display(
        Gdk.Display.get_default(),
        provider,
        Gtk.STYLE_PROVIDER_PRIORITY_APPLICATION
    )